The Fiqh of Halaal and Haraam FoodIn general, everything on this world is Halaal to eat, UNLESS there is evidence to prove otherwise. This is the basic principle.
Haraam Animals1. Anything already dead [The Noble Qur’an, Soorah Al-Ma'idah 5:3]
2. Pork [The Noble Qur’an, Soorah Al-Ma'idah 5:3]
3. (Flowing) Blood [The Noble Qur’an, Soorah Al-Ma'idah 5:3]
4. Anything slaughtered in other than Allaah’s name [The Noble Qur’an, Soorah Al-Ma'idah 5:3]
5. Fanged Animals, like dogs, lions, tigers, etc. [Saheeh Bukhaari, Volume 7, Book 67, Number 438]
6. Birds with Talons, like eagles, Hawks, Vultures etc [Saheeh Muslim, Book 021, Number 4754; Sunan Aboo Daawood, Book 27, Number 3796]
7. Domestic Donkeys [Saheeh Bukhaari, Volume 7, Book 67, Number 436]
8. Mule. [Fatawa Islamiya, Vol. 6, p. 219]
9. Eating Frogs and Frogs’ legs. Because it is forbidden to kill them [Musnad Ahmad and Sunan Ibn Maajah; see also Saheeh al-Jaami, 6970]
10. Insects, Vermin and Rodents, Scorpions, Rats, Crows, Kites, and (rabid) dogs. [Saheeh Muslim, Book 007, Number 2721]
11. Alcohol [The Noble Qur’an, Soorah Al-Ma'idah 5: 90 – 91] –
[Vinegar and mayonnaise is Halaal]12. Gelatine [Some respectable scholars say this is Halaal -
http://salafitalk.net/st/viewmessages.cfm?Forum=10&Topic=3488] [also refer to
http://muslimmatters.org/2007/07/09/of-mice-and-men-the-cheese-factor/]13. Anything that is bad for you or could kill you. That means, if you are someone who is, for example, allergic to nuts, thn Nuts become Haraam to you!!
Halaal food1. Fish, crabs and other Sea creatures [The Noble Qur’an, Soorah Al-Ma'idah 5:96] [Sunan Aboo Daawood, Vol. 1, p. 22, Number 83; Authenticated by Sheikh al – Albaani in Saheeh al-Jami’ as-Saghir, Vol. 2, p. 1184, Number 7048]
2. Hyena Meat [Sunan Aboo Daawood, Book 27, Number 3792; as-Daarimee, al-Bayhaqee, Ibn Hibaan, ad-Daaraqutnee and al-Hakim, and declared Saheeh (authentic) by al-Haakim and Sheikh Nassirudeen al-Albaani in Irwaa al-Ghaleel, Vol. 1, p. 242, Number 1050]
3. Ostrich [al-Umm, 2/210; as quoted in
http://www.islam-qa.com/index.php?ref=10498&ln=eng]4. Hedgehogs [Fatawa Islamiyah, Vol. 6, p. 224]
5. Horse Meat [Saheeh Bukhaari, Volume 7, Book 67, Number 419]
6. Lizard Meat [Saheeh Muslim, Book 021, Number 4790]
7. Wild Donkeys (Onagers and Zebras) [Saheeh Bukhaari, Volume 7, Book 67, Number 400]
8. Locusts [Saheeh Bukhaari, Book 021, Number 4801]
9. Meat of The People of The Book [The Noble Qur’an, Soorah Al-Ma'idah 5:5] Shaykh `Abdul-`Azeez Bin Baz said, “It is permissible to eat their slaughtered animals as long as it is not known that there were slaughtered by a method other than the Islamic method (cutting the throat)…” [Fatawa Islamiyah, Vol. 6, p. 248]
10. Why powder and Rennet [http://groups.yahoo.com/group/Islam_True/message/162]
11. Animals slaughter after given a small electric shock (although this should be avoided)[http://www.islam-qa.com/index.php?ref=14308&ln=eng]
12. Medicines with very small amounts of alcohol, because anything that intoxicates is forbidden. and anything that would intoxiate in LARGE amounts is Haram in SMALL amounts [Saheeh Sunan Ibn Maajah, Number 1736]. Hence, since the medicine alcohol is not even the same as the alcohol forbidden (i.e. Kahmr) and would never get you drunk in large amounts, it is Halaal [http://islamtoday.com/show_detail_section.cfm?q_id=1037&main_cat_id=30]
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Finally, if you are not sure about something or you find a certain food that falls under the 'grey' area, its best to avoid it and follow (or eat) what you are sure about.
Narrated An-Nu'man bin Bashir:
The Prophet said "Both legal and illegal things are obvious, and in between them are (suspicious) doubtful matters. So who-ever forsakes those doubtful things lest he may commit a sin, will definitely avoid what is clearly illegal; and who-ever indulges in these (suspicious) doubtful things bravely, is likely to commit what is clearly illegal. Sins are Allah's Hima (i.e. private pasture) and whoever pastures (his sheep) near it, is likely to get in it at any moment."
[(Agreed Upon); Saheeh Bukhaari, Volume 3, Book 34, Number 267; Saheeh Muslim, Vol. 3, Number 3882]
And Allah knows Best